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Dear subscribers.
As this is my first posting to this list, I wish to introduce myself.

I am a postgraduate student at the Swedish University of Agricultural
Sciences, my subject is terrestrial Radioecology, and the (extremely)
preliminary title of my thesis-to-be is:
"Strontium-90; distribution in soil and plant-uptake in some Swedish
pastures and leys".

My M Sc-thesis was about lead-release from lead sheathed telecom cables in
soil, anyone interested can have a summary, the entire thesis is not
available in English.

I've tried to make contact with people dealing with radioecology, especially
soil-related questions, but I haven't been to successful, so anyone who is
interested in this subject is welcome to contact me.

What about burning issues? I don't have a lot of results yet, so my
questionmarks are rather few, but I have been thinking about soil sampling
methods. How do you take representative soil samples with ruining your
budget. When each analysis costs approx. $75 in material only, you can't
fill your fridge with samples. I'm sampling 4 x 0.25m2 and taking four
bore-cores in each 0.25m2-plot. Each core is sliced 0-1, 1-2, 2-3, 3-4, 4-5,
5-7.5, and 7.5-10cm. I also have samples 10-25 cm.
How does that sound to you experts? I will have to mix the slices from the
same plot to decrease number of samples. How would you do in similar
instances. I believe sampling methods are extremely important, since
analyses are so expensive.

I hope for response on the list.

Is it really necessary to take samples at 1 cm increments? Seems that you
could cut your # of samples in half by looking at every 2 cm.

On Mon, 3 Oct 1994, Sverker Forsberg wrote:

>
> How do you take representative soil samples with ruining your
> budget. When each analysis costs approx. $75 in material only, you can't
> fill your fridge with samples. I'm sampling 4 x 0.25m2 and taking four
> bore-cores in each 0.25m2-plot. Each core is sliced 0-1, 1-2, 2-3, 3-4, 4-5,
> 5-7.5, and 7.5-10cm. I also have samples 10-25 cm.
> How does that sound to you experts? I will have to mix the slices from the
> same plot to decrease number of samples. How would you do in similar
> instances. I believe sampling methods are extremely important, since
> analyses are so expensive.
>
> I hope for response on the list.
>

;"Strontium-90; distribution in soil and plant-uptake in some Swedish
;pastures and leys".

;What about burning issues? I don't have a lot of results yet, so my
;questionmarks are rather few, but I have been thinking about soil sampling
methods. How do you take representative soil samples with ruining your
;budget. When each analysis costs approx. $75 in material only, you can't
;fill your fridge with samples. I'm sampling 4 x 0.25m2 and taking four
;bore-cores in each 0.25m2-plot. Each core is sliced 0-1, 1-2, 2-3, 3-4, 4-5,
;5-7.5, and 7.5-10cm. I also have samples 10-25 cm.
; How does that sound to you experts? I will have to mix the slices from the
;same plot to decrease number of samples. How would you do in similar
;instances. I believe sampling methods are extremely important, since
;analyses are so expensive.

Since strontium-90 is radioactive you could establish the ratio of
st-90 to other radioactive materials in the soil and then use a
counter to estimate the st-90. Use the expensive test to establish
the ratio and then the rest would be inexpensive.

Gordon

Gordon Couger
Biosystems & Agricultural Engineering
Oklahoma State Universtiy Stillwater OK

Dear Multiple List Readers,
My name is Robin. I am a doctoral student at the University of
California at Irvine in the Environmental Microbiology and Genetics
Lab. My dissertation project involves looking for E. coli bacteria
in fecal samples (yeah, I know, YUKKY!). I realize that this is
a soils listing. However, I sometimes see agricultural stuff
here - at any rate, I thought I might give this a go. I need fecal
samples from EVERYWHERE, planet-wide. If anybody knows somebody who
can send me animal fecal samples (especially farm animals like cows
and pigs) or water samples (especially primary unchlorinated sewage)
could you please let me know? I can provide a Fed Ex billing number
so the cost of sending it is reversed.
Thank you very much.
Robin K. Oshiro
rkoshiro@ecology.soceco.uci.edu

You could try to contact Dr. A.Ponizovsky in Russia at
'sotnikov@issp.serpukhov.su'. He made an extensive work on strontium
distribution and modeling for the Chernobyl sites.
-------------------------------------
Name: yakov pachepsky
E-mail: ypachepsky@asrr.arsusda.gov (yakov pachepsky)
USDA:ARS:BA:NRI:SRL
Tel 301-504-74-68
Fax 301-504-58-23
-------------------------------------

I wrote:
>;"Strontium-90; distribution in soil and plant-uptake in some Swedish
>;pastures and leys".
>
How do you take representative soil samples with ruining your
>;budget. When each analysis costs approx. $75 in material only, you can't
>;fill your fridge with samples.

Gordon Couger wrote:
>Since strontium-90 is radioactive you could establish the ratio of
>st-90 to other radioactive materials in the soil and then use a
>counter to estimate the st-90. Use the expensive test to establish
>the ratio and then the rest would be inexpensive.
>
>Gordon

Thanks for your reply.
I have been thinking of this. I'm measuring the Cs-137 activity (which is a
very cheap analysis) in my soil samples, partly to check the variance
between samples; if the variance is small (I don't know yet) I can probably
pool my subsamples with a good conscience. The problem is that different
substances behave different in different soils. Cesium is virtually immobile
in clay-soils whereas Strontium can be expected to be more mobile (this has
been shown in tracer-experiments in the 60's). Also plant-uptake is
different. Yet another problem is that the ratio differs between sources,
e.g. Chernobyl fall-out has different characteristics than bomb fall-out,
and Chernobyl fall-out probably has different ratio at different distances
from the site, maybe measurable even within Sweden. But still it might be
useful.

Gail Olsson wrote:
"Is it really necessary to take samples at 1 cm increments? Seems that you
could cut your # of samples in half by looking at every 2 cm."

The answer to this question is: I don't know yet! This is the way we measure
Cs-137 at my department, because Cesium is so immobile in soil. Strontium,
we know, is more mobile, but at the same time it might have a scientific
interest to make a detailed study of soil distribution, especially if the
studied plants have shallow root systems. But of course, if I find that
slicing so thinly gives small extra value to my research, I won't slice it
so much any more.

Sverker
Sverker Forsberg, doktorand
Inst. fvr Radioekologi
email: sverker.forsberg@radek.slu.se
tel: 018-67 28 85
fax: 018-67 28 86
Adress: Box 7031, 750 07 Uppsala

Hello,I am a graduate student in Environmental Science at the Institute
of Environmental Sciences at Miami University in Oxford, Ohio. My
thesis will investigate the decomposition of leaf litter, specifically
the fate of condensed tannin during the early stages of leaf litter
decomposition. I will track tannin flow both qualitatively and
quantitatively. Does anyone have a good technique for analyzing tannin
in soil? I have had limited success recovering added tannin to soil.
Most of the protocols call for harsh treatment of the soil, such as
strong bases and heating which ineveitably chop the tannins to bits.
This means I cannot extract tannins from soil to characterize them
qualitatively. I can provide more information if needed. Thanks
Judy Schofield

unsubscribe soils-l telutch@mtu.edu

unsubscribe soils-l roberto@agr.unicamp.br
>From wstites@uwspmail.uwsp.edu Tue Sep 30 05:06:32 1904
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>From: wstites (Will Stites Grdwtr/Ext)
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Send it to the Listserv, not everyone on the list - please.

Dear Soils readers,
I am sorry that I have to send this message to everyone but I
accidentally deleted a message from someone that wanted to know if I
wanted fish feces. Could this person PLEASE email me again. The
answer is YES YES YES!!!
Thank you very much.
Robin.
rkoshiro@ecology.soceoc.uci.edu

Hi,
My name is Nanette Fladung a chemist at Microbial Environmental Services
(a wholly owned subsidiary of Pioneer Hi-Bred International). MES is a
bioremediation company specializing in in-situ clean up of sites with
contaminated soil and ground water.

Can anyone help me with the following question?

Is there a way to move Fe(III) through the soil under anaerobic conditions?
We propose to add a ferric salt dissolved in an aqueous solution to the
aquifer, but can not afford to plug the aquifer.

Thanks in advance for your response!

Nanette

From: KOOKANAR "Rai S. Kookana"
To: SMTP%"soils-l@unl.edu"
CC: KOOKANAR
Subj: RE: Organic contaminants --- Postdoc Announcement

Co-operative Research Centre for Soil and Land Management
Adelaide, Australia.


Post-Doctoral Fellow-Research Fellow
$32,428 - $49,370 + Superannuation

Environmental Scientist

Organic contaminants in soil


We seek a scientist to undertake research on aspects of the interactions of
organic contaminants with soils. The work would involve the behaviour of
organic contaminants in agricultural landscapes or polluted urban soils.

In collaboration with a small team, the appointee would conduct research on the fate
and transformations of organic contaminants in soils in the context of:

the dynamics of contaminants in landscapes (leaching, run-off, volatilization and
retention)

degradation pathways and end products

developing effective rehabilitation strategies.

The actual aspects investigated by the appointee will take into consideration his/her
particular skills and enthusiasms. The study approach is flexible but subject to
approval and advice.

The appointee should have demonstrated research achievement in organic
contamination of soils, with good analytical skills for organic compounds in soils,
and preferably a good background in organic chemistry. He or she must have
proven ability to work collaboratively within a multi-disciplinary research team.

The Cooperative Research Centre for Soil and Land Management is a joint venture
between the University of Adelaide, CSIRO Division of Soils, the South Australilan
Research and Development Institute and the Australian Government.

The appointment will be made through the University of Adelaide. The University
reserves the right to make enquiries of any person regarding any candidate's
suitability for appointment, not to make any appointment, or to appoint by invitation.
The University is an equal opportunity employer.

The position is temporary and available for a period of three years. For further
information, contact Dr. K.G. Tiller or Dr. R. Kookana, CSIRO Division of Soils,
Private Bag No. 2, Glen Osmond, S.A. 5064, Australia, Ph. +61-8-303 8400, Fax
+61-8-303 8565. E-mail "Kookanar@adl.soils.csiro.au"

Your application should address the selection criteria and expanded job description
which will be provided on application.


Thanks.

Rai Kookana

CRC for Soil and Land Management
CSIRO, Division of Soils
PMB No.2
Glen Osmond
Post Code 5064
Australia

Tel +61-8-3038450
Fax +61-8-3038565

E-mail "kookanar@adl.soils.csiro.au"












Selection Criteria



Pre-requisite:

Ph.D. or equivalent in a relevant environmental field.


Essential :

Demonstrated research achievement in organic contaminant behaviour in soils.
Reasonable knowledge or organic chemistry.
Demonstrated analytical skills in the measurement of organic compounds in soils.
Ability to work effectively as part of a multi-disciplinary team.
Willingness and ability to communicate effectively with user groups likely to apply
the results of your research.

Desirable :

Research experience in soil chemistry or soil physics.
Familiarity with computing systems for data storage and analysis and for publication.
Research experience in rehabilitation of contaminated land.
Experience in seeking and negotiating for research funding with client groups.
>From wstites@uwspmail.uwsp.edu Mon Sep 30 03:24:37 1910
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>To: unl.edu!soils-l (Nanette MES Analytical Services x6657)
>From: wstites (Will Stites Grdwtr/Ext)
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Nanette Fladung asked about moving Fe(III) into an anaerobic soil, and said
she's considering adding it as an aqueous salt solution. I have some
experience with Fe(II) and Fe(III) in the test tube, but my challenge was to
keep Fe(II) from oxidizing. I think in an uncontrolled environment like soil,
you may find that there will be something in most any anaerobic environment
that will find a way to reduce your oxidized Fe pretty quickly. Also, as you
alluded to, precipitation of your Fe(III) before it gets reduced is a real
threat.

Complexing Fe(III) with an agent that has a very large equilibrium
constant with Fe(III) like EDTA (or 1,10-phenanthroline, if I remember
rightly) could perhaps retard oxidation long enough to move the ion where you
want it. The question then would be, will the Fe(III) be available to do
whatever it is you want it there for, or will it just be stuck in the
complex?

Will Stites

Central Wisconsin Groundwater Center
109 Nelson Hall, UW-Stevens Point
Stevens Point, Wisconsin 54481
715-346-4501
wstites@uwspmail.uwsp.edu

"Nature is perverse, especially soils."
-- D. Kirkham, 1961. SSSAP 25:423-427.

Dear Soils-l recipients,
first of all as a new subscriber to the list I will briefly
introduce myself.
I graduated in Agricultural Sciences at Viterbo University here in Italy,
and for the past four years I have been working at Agrital Ricerche, an
agricultural research centre near Rome. My interest has been mainly in the
field of agriculural meteorology and crop microclimate.
I am currently interested in the assessment of differences in the energy
budget of conventional moldboard plowed and conservation tillage systems (no
tillage, minimum tillage and ridge tillage) in soybean and corn rotations. I
have been using the Bowen ratio method.
I would be glad to have some references of recent published data on this
subject and/or info on people working in this area. In particular has
anybody studied soil temperatures, ground heat fluxes and water content in
conservation tillage systems, in relation to crop evapotranspiration and
water use?

Sinc
erely yours,

Raffae
le Casa

Consorzio
Agrital Ricerche
Viale
dell'Industria, 24
00057
Maccarese, Rome, ITALY
voice: +39 6
6678486
fax: +39
6 6678312

e-mail:
casa@agrital.ccr.it

On Mon, 3 Oct 1994 11:07:11 -0500 Robin Oshiro said:
>Dear Multiple List Readers,
> My name is Robin. I am a doctoral student at the University of
>California at Irvine in the Environmental Microbiology and Genetics
>Lab. My dissertation project involves looking for E. coli bacteria
>in fecal samples (yeah, I know, YUKKY!). I realize that this is
>a soils listing. However, I sometimes see agricultural stuff
>here - at any rate, I thought I might give this a go. I need fecal
>samples from EVERYWHERE, planet-wide. If anybody knows somebody who
>can send me animal fecal samples (especially farm animals like cows
>and pigs) or water samples (especially primary unchlorinated sewage)
>could you please let me know? I can provide a Fed Ex billing number
>so the cost of sending it is reversed.
> Thank you very much.
> Robin K. Oshiro
> rkoshiro@ecology.soceco.uci.edu

Robin: just be aware that if any such sample has the possibility of being
infectious, the sender can acquire some big-dollar fines for shipping it
without the proper labeling, etc. If you are not aware of this concern or
just haven't thought about it, you need to investigate the UN and DOT regs.
Sorry, but I thought you ought to consider this...

R. DON WAUCHOPE, RESEARCH CHEMIST DON@TIFTON.CPES.PEACHNET.EDU
USDA AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE (912) 386-3892 FAX 386-7225
POB 748, U. GA COASTAL PLAIN EXPERIMENT STATION
TIFTON, GA 31793

On Mon, 3 Oct 1994 02:50:13 -0500 Sverker Forsberg said:
>Dear subscribers.
>As this is my first posting to this list, I wish to introduce myself.
>
>I am a postgraduate student at the Swedish University of Agricultural
>Sciences, my subject is terrestrial Radioecology, and the (extremely)
>preliminary title of my thesis-to-be is:
>"Strontium-90; distribution in soil and plant-uptake in some Swedish
>pastures and leys".
...(snip)
Why Sr-90? Are you interested in nuclear testing pollution or accidents?
It seems to me I remember that Sr-90 can be used to date river sedimentation
because of the peak of testing in the 60's. Some of the work was done at
the USDA Sedimentation Lab at Oxford, MS (if memory serves, which it doesn't
as well as it used to).

R. DON WAUCHOPE, RESEARCH CHEMIST DON@TIFTON.CPES.PEACHNET.EDU
USDA AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE (912) 386-3892 FAX 386-7225
POB 748, U. GA COASTAL PLAIN EXPERIMENT STATION
TIFTON, GA 31793

I would like to know of any university courses being offered in the area of
soil biology. We're talking the idea around here and would like to know
what others have done & had success with.

I'd appreciate any ideas or opinions about this. I'm sure a discussion
about soil biology topics and techniques would be interesting.

Kirk V. Iversen Agronomy Department
E-mail: kvi1@psuvm.psu.edu Penn State University
Phone: 814/865-2119 University Park, PA 16802

Dear Kirk,

At Michigan State we have taught portions of the most topics in soil biology
in separate undergraduate courses. More soil biology is taught in two graduate
level courses. A complete biology course generally requires faculty who address
numerous topics from an organic chemistry and microbiology perspective, from
a plant root dynamics and plant disease perspective, and from a mesofaunal or
zoology perspective. Soil biology courses of this magnitude often become a
facts and taxonomy course which discourages many students from enrolling.

I believe an integrated mechanistic and functional soil biology course could
be developed which would be academically sound at either the upper undergraduate
or at the graduate level. If it was a case study-type course where real world
problems would be addressed by incorporating specific environmental, soil/plant
agroecosystems of management, and landscape ecology questions, this course would
attract students from agronomy, sustainable agriculture, botany, entomology,
forestry, microbiology, plant pathology, soil science, and zoology. This type
of course would have a very complex course outline and the first year of
teaching would require substantial preparation time, yet, it would attract
many students, provide excellent academic and classroom environments, and
result in an excellent course which might possibly produce a useful textbook.

Alvin Smucker
Biophysics and Physics of Soils

Hola, I am currently working on grain size analysis of the Ausable
River in Upstate N.Y. As of now I am looking for options, what to do with
this data? Sand samples were collected and sieved, -2phi to 5phi. What kind
of trends should I look for? What can mean phi size, standard deviation, and
skewness represent. Moment measures statistics are going to be applied to this
data. I am in the very beginning stages, so any veteran advice would be greatlyappreciated. Thanx in advance. Brian G. Lebreck
SUNY Plattsburgh
ENV/Geology

Greetings....
I am investigating potential soil compaction of grazed pastures in
temperate regions. If anyone is aware of any work being done, or
having been done on this topic, I would appreciate hearing about it.
This is part of my MS thesis research, the overall objectives of
which will look at the dynamics of soil inorganic nitrogen under
intensively managed (dairy) pastures in Pennsylvania.
My e-mail address is KLB157@PSUVM.PSU.EDU.
Thanks....
Kate Butler (Penn State University, Dept of Agronomy)

Phil Greenwood (GreenwoodP@agresearch.cri.nz) who works for
AgResearch at Invermay Agricultural Centre, Mosgiel, New Zealand
has a research programme investigating soil compaction in grazed
pastures. He has found that intensive grazing in wet conditions
results in significant soil physical deterioration in many soils.
The effects reduce air and water transmission and reduce pasture
production and may be quite persistant. Natural rejuvenation
processes can be enhanced with different stock management policies.
In some soils, subsoiling can improve soil physical conditions and
plant growth.

Alister Metherell
AgResearch
Lincoln
New Zealand

> Date: Thu, 13 Oct 1994 12:36:10 -0500
> From: KATE BUTLER <KLB157@PSUVM.PSU.EDU>
> Subject: SOIL COMPACTION

> I am investigating potential soil compaction of grazed pastures in
> temperate regions. If anyone is aware of any work being done, or
> having been done on this topic, I would appreciate hearing about it.
> This is part of my MS thesis research, the overall objectives of
> which will look at the dynamics of soil inorganic nitrogen under
> intensively managed (dairy) pastures in Pennsylvania.

*******************************************************************
* *
* Alister Metherell email METHEREA@LINCOLN.AC.NZ *
* AgResearch *
* C/o Soil Science Department phone (direct dail in) *
* P.O. Box 84 64-3-325 3888 *
* Lincoln University phone (via operator) *
* New Zealand 64-3-325 2811 ext 7888 *
* fax 64-3-325 2944 *
*******************************************************************

Dear Kirk:

I think a course in soil biology or soil ecology would definitely be a
benefit for undergraduates (or, at the very least, graduate students). The
subject has the potential to be a bridge of sorts between the various
subdisciplines and sub-subdisciplines of soil science today (and would bring
in many related subjects as well). I second Alvin Smucker's comments and
agree that a course that incorporated "real world" case studies would have a
broad appeal (heck, I might even go back to take a good course like that).

I just started reading a book called "Soil Ecology" by Ken Killham (Cambridge
University Press, 1994). While I haven't read enough to know whether I would
recommend it, the contents and approach did interest me. The book covers (1)
soil as an environment for living organisms; (2) soil biota and their
ecological interactions; (3) nutrient cycling; (4) ecology of extreme soil
environments (water and salt stress) and of polluted soils; and (5) soil
biotechnology. These subjects, if not the text, could serve as a foundation
for an advanced undergraduate class. I might have more to say about the book
itself after I read more, but I wanted to toss out some comments before the
subject gets cold.

Hope you get some good discussion on the subject. Give my regards to
everyone in Happy Valley!

Nelson Thurman
Roving (or Rogue?) Soil / Environmental Consultant
nthurman@aol.com

I'm a new subscriber to the Soils list. I live in southwest MO about 30
miles N and W of Springfield. I have a rotational grazing program set up
for stockers. Run 4 weights up to 7 to 8's. Interested in discussion on
fertilizers, and soil improvement practices.

Marc Popejoy, Conway MO

What kind of soil improvement are you referring to? Higher yield of non-native grasses for grazing, or are you rotating crops with grazing. If so what kind of fertilizers are you accustomed to. More info please. Later, B

Actually, I'm looking to improve the fertility of soil for better quality
yeild (from a nutrition stand point). Don't presently do any row croping
although have considered planting sudan to graze next summer. The areas
that need the most help where bulldozed off about 6-7 yrs ago, left
pretty much a clay base, don't have a current soil test yet. The only
fertilizer I'm at all familar with is what they sell at the local
fertilzer plant, pelletized N,P,K. Most of our top soil is a silty
loam. Presently no exotic type grasses, mostly fescue, some orchard
grass and legumes.

Marc Popejoy, Conway MO

d

Hi;

I have a slight problem. I successful defend my thesis (Distribution of
Percent Aluminum Saturation...) on Monday, but my committee wants me to
include a list of vegetation that will grow in an urban setting on soils that
have toxic levels of Aluminum. After several days of searching the Southwest
Missouri State University Library I have turned up very little. Mostly
varieties of rice, barley and wheat. I need names (and their varieties) of
grasses, legumes, ornamental shrubs, and trees, along with the references.

I would appreciate any leads.

Thanks
J. Scott Eversoll
jscott6615@aol.com

During the last years our lab worked on Al toxicity to rice, wheat, cotton,
sorghum, and the last one banana. The most recent synthesis I have seen
comes from Sweden. It is part of the Critical Load Exercice.

Sverdrup, H. and Warfvinge, P. 1993. Effect of soil acidification on growth
of trees and plants as expressed by the (Ca+Mg+K)/Al ratio. Reports in
Ecology and Environmental Engeneering 1993:2. 108 p.

It covers about 100 species of trees, grasses, herbs and legumes, with
plenty of references.

Hope this helps. Friendly, JG.

Hi,
I am not a member of the SSSA, but would like to attend some of the
meetings is this possible, and how much. Is also a way to get a copy of
the program.

Thanks

-------------------------------------
T I M M I L L E R
Loral Advanced Distributed Simulation
13810 SE Eastgate Way, Suite 500
Bellevue, Washington 98005
tmiller@bvu-lads.loral.com

I am planning a research project investigating soil CO2 production at a set of
coastal scrub and chaparral sites in California. As part of this, I will be
looking at controls such as temperature, moisture, and estimated
evapotranspiration. I have a few questions:

1. Is anyone familiar with similar research in this type of environment,
perhaps published in a more obscure outlet?

2. I am considering using gypsum block soil moisture meters. Having never
worked with these before, I am looking for advice on the selection and
availability of such meters. The only place I have checked is Forestry
Suppliers, who presently carry only one model.

3. Is anyone familiar with the Aquaterr Soil Moisture Meter? They claim
accurate results even though the unit appears to be a straight
conductivity/resistivity meter.

4. Can anyone suggest a good source for soil sampling equipment, such as
bulk density samplers?

I would greatly appreciate any ideas you might have.

Jerry
-------------------------------------------------------------------
| Jerry Davis Associate Professor, Geography & Human Env. Studies |
| Director, Multidisciplinary GIS Center |
| San Francisco State University |
| 1600 Holloway Ave., San Francisco, CA 94132 |
| Internet: jerry@sfsu.edu or jerry@gislab.sfsu.edu |
| Voice: (415) 338-2983 Fax: (415) 338-1980 |
| |
| "Space is merely a device for preventing everything |
| from being in the same spot" -- Tom Robbins |
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statistics soils-l
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